Is Interoperability Achievable with ODBC?: Slide 10 of 10.

We showed that ODBC does not automatically yield interoperable programs.
The programmer must be aware of some obstacles in order to be able to circumvent them. Interoperability is not for free but can be obtained with library support by a few auxiliary functions.
We conclude that for the programmer's convenience this should already be done within the driver manager of ODBC.
ODBC would be a better standard, if you would not have to worry about application types, about ODBC types and database types. These problems stem from the fact that ODBC is an industry standard that has evolved after software vendors had released their own proprietary database access libraries.
It would be an improvement if such standards were not designed by competitors but by independent experts.
But that is not how it is done and therefore the computing industry will have to cope with industry standards which are far from being cleanly designed.